File:Hepatitis B virus v2.svg

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Hepatitis B virus

Summary

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Description
English: Simplified graphical representation of a cross-section of the Hepatitis B virus particle and surface (surplus) antigen, the hepatitis B e antigens (HBcAg) shown are considered not part of the viral particle (quod vide viral nonstructural protein). The structure of the Hepatitis B virus as first described by Dane & al.[1] and Jokelainen, Krohn & al.[2] during 1970. The hepatitis B virion is a complex, double shelled, spherical particle with a 42 nm diameter.[1][2][3]
  • Within the membrane sphere is a 2 nm thick icosahedral nucleocapsid inner core composed of protein (HBcAg) with a 27 nm diameter.[2] When viewed through an electron microscope the inner core may appear pentagonal or hexagonal,[2] depending on the relative position of the sample.

The virion was initially referred to as the Dane particle.[4] Only after Baruch Blumberg received the Nobel Prize in Medicine during 1976 was it universally accepted that the particle is a virus and the infectious agent of Hepatitis B.


Australia antigen (HBsAg): The serum of infected patients contain small spherical and rod-shaped particles with a diameter of ca. 20 nm,[5] consisting of surplus virus-coat material containing the HBsAg antigen.[1][2] This antigen was first discovered by Baruch Blumberg during 1965 within the blood of Australian aboriginal people and initially known as "Australia antigen".[6] It was shown to be associated with "serum hepatitis" by A. M. Prince during 1968.[7]

The outer membrane of the virion is sometimes extended as a tubular tail on one side of the virus particle (not shown);[2][3] these virion "tails" are identical to the small particles.[2][3]
Date
Source Own work based on: Hepatitis B virus v2.png 14 November 2007 (original upload date) Created by en:User:GrahamColm. Original uploader was TimVickers at en.wikipedia
Author vectorization Glrx
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Licensing

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I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
Creative Commons CC-Zero This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication.
The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

All translations

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Translations added to this section should be free of copyright claims (either CC0 or public domain).

Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) ≅ Hepatitis core antigen (Q24723361)
Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg)
Hepatitis B e antigen ≅ Hepatitis B e antigen (Q75838622)
Hepatitis B e antigen
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) ≅ HBsAg (Q2282887)
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
DNA polymerase ≅ DNA polymerase (Q206286)
DNA polymerase
Partially double-stranded DNA ≅ DNA (Q7430)
Partially double-stranded DNA

Sources

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  1. ↑ a b c D.S. Dane , C.H. Cameron , Moya Briggs (1970). "Virus-Like Particles in Serum of Patients with Australia-Antigen-Associated Hepatitis". The Lancet 295: 695–698. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(70)90926-8.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l P. T. Jokelainen, Kai Krohn, A. M. Prince and N. D. C. Finlayson (1970). "Electron Microscopic Observations on Virus-Like Particles Associated with SH Antigen". Journal of Virology 6 (5): 685-689. ISSN 1098-5514.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f The hepatitis B virus. World Health Organisation.
  4. ↑ a b Almeida J D, Rubenstein D & Scott E J. (1971). "New antigen-antibody system in Australia-antigen-positive hepatitis". The Lancet 298 (7736): 1225–7. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(71)90543-5.
  5. ↑ Bayer, M. E., B. S. Blumberg, and B. Werner (1968). "Particles associated with Australia antigen in the sera of patients with leukemia, Down's syndrome and hepatitis.". Nature (London) 218: 1057-1059.
  6. ↑ Baruch S. Blumberg, Harvey J. Alter, and Sam Visnich (Jul 1984). "Landmark article Feb 15, 1965: A 'new' antigen in leukemia sera. By Baruch S. Blumberg, Harvey J. Alter, and Sam Visnich". Journal of the American Medical Association 252 (2): 252–7. DOI:10.1001/jama.252.2.252. PMID 6374187. ISSN 0098-7484.
  7. ↑ Prince, A. M. (1968). "An antigen detected in the blood during the incubation period of serum hepatitis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U.S.A. 60: 814-821.

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