File:Winter Solstice at V Bar V (2017) (39446286742).jpg

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Description	The V Bar V Heritage Site is largest known petroglyph site in the Verde Valley. One of the primary petroglyph panels on a west-facing bluff at the site is believed to be a solar calendar used by the Sinaguan people who resided in the area between approximately 1150 and 1400 AD. The panel features over 125 petroglyphs, including a variety of animals, people, and geometric shapes. As the sun progresses across the sky during the winter solstice, sunlight and shadow create a illuminated dart-like pattern that aligns with spirals on panel marking the winter solstice. Ken Zoll discovered the effect while working as a volunteer docent, and spent a year documenting and studying the panel in 2005 and 2006. Ken was on-site for the solstice event December 22, 2017 to greet visitors and explain the solstice effects as they occurred, share the history of the site, and explain some of the research and theories about the panel's glyphs. Photo taken December 22, 2017 by Deborah Lee Soltesz. Credit U.S. Forest Service Coconino National Forest. Learn more about the <a href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/coconino/recarea/?recid=55424" rel="nofollow">V Bar V Heritage Site</a> and the <a href="http://coconinonationalforest.us" rel="nofollow">Coconino National Forest</a>.
Date	22 December 2017, 12:43
Source	Winter Solstice at V Bar V (2017)
Author	Coconino National Forest

Camera location	34° 39′ 37.96″ N, 111° 43′ 08.52″ W	View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap	34.660545; -111.719033

Licensing

This image was originally posted to Flickr by Coconino National Forest at https://flickr.com/photos/42034606@N05/39446286742 (archive). It was reviewed on 8 September 2018 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the Public Domain Mark.

8 September 2018

This image or file is a work of a United States Department of Agriculture employee, taken or made as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain.

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	03:03, 8 September 2018		7,360 × 4,912 (15.71 MB)	Tyler ser Noche (talk \| contribs)	Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons

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Image title	The V Bar V Heritage Site is largest known petroglyph site in the Verde Valley. One of the primary petroglyph panels on a west-facing bluff at the site is believed to be a solar calendar used by the Sinaguan people who resided in the area between approximately 1150 and 1400 AD. The panel features over 125 petroglyphs, including a variety of animals, people, and geometric shapes. As the sun progresses across the sky during the winter solstice, sunlight and shadow create a illuminated dart-like pattern that aligns with spirals on panel marking the winter solstice. Ken Zoll discovered the effect while working as a volunteer docent, and spent a year documenting and studying the panel in 2005 and 2006. Ken was on-site for the solstice event December 22, 2017 to greet visitors and explain the solstice effects as they occurred, share the history of the site, and explain some of the research and theories about the panel's glyphs. Photo taken December 22, 2017 by Deborah Lee Soltesz. Credit U.S. Forest Service Coconino National Forest. Learn more about the <a href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/coconino/recarea/?recid=55424">V Bar V Heritage Site</a> and the <a href="http://coconinonationalforest.us">Coconino National Forest</a>.
Camera manufacturer	RICOH IMAGING COMPANY, LTD.
Camera model	PENTAX K-1
Author	Deborah Lee Soltesz
Copyright holder	Public Domain U.S. Government Work
Exposure time	1/40 sec (0.025)
F-number	f/4.5
ISO speed rating	200
Date and time of data generation	12:43, 22 December 2017
Lens focal length	63 mm
Latitude	34° 39′ 37.96″ N
Longitude	111° 43′ 8.52″ W
Altitude	1,221.3 meters above sea level
Headline	Winter solstice 2017 at V Bar V Heritage Site, Arizona
Credit/Provider	Deborah Lee Soltesz
Source	u.S. Forest Service Coconino National Forest
Online copyright statement	http://www.usa.gov/copyright.shtml
Short title	Winter Solstice at V Bar V (2017)
Usage terms	Public Domain, U.S. Government Work
City shown	Rimrock
Horizontal resolution	300 dpi
Vertical resolution	300 dpi
Software used	Adobe Photoshop Lightroom Classic 7.1 (Windows)
File change date and time	11:48, 3 January 2018
Exposure Program	Normal program
Exif version	2.3
Date and time of digitizing	12:43, 22 December 2017
APEX shutter speed	5.321928
APEX aperture	4.33985
APEX exposure bias	−0.7
Metering mode	Center weighted average
Flash	Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression
Color space	sRGB
Focal plane X resolution	2,049.0672912598
Focal plane Y resolution	2,049.0672912598
Focal plane resolution unit	3
Sensing method	One-chip color area sensor
Custom image processing	Normal process
Exposure mode	Manual exposure
White balance	Auto white balance
Focal length in 35 mm film	63 mm
Scene capture type	Standard
Contrast	Hard
Saturation	Normal
Sharpness	Hard
Subject distance range	Close view
GPS time (atomic clock)	19:43
Satellites used for measurement	09
Receiver status	Measurement in progress
Measurement mode	3-dimensional measurement
Speed unit	Kilometers per hour
Speed of GPS receiver	4.98
Reference for direction of movement	True direction
Direction of movement	340.08
Reference for direction of image	True direction
Direction of image	228.09
Geodetic survey data used	WGS-84
GPS date	22 December 2017
GPS tag version	0.0.3.2
Lens used	HD PENTAX-D FA 28-105mm F3.5-5.6ED DC WR
Date metadata was last modified	04:48, 3 January 2018
Original transmission location code	VBarV-WinterSolstice
Unique ID of original document	F66284DC87DC50207C23095FDEDF13EF
Copyright status	Copyright status not set
Keywords	Arizona Coconino National Forest Forest Service Pentax K-1 Pentax K1 Red Rock Ranger District USFS V Bar V V Bar V Heritage Site V bar V Ranch V-V Heritage Site archaeology forest outdoors solstice winter winter solstice
Contact information	[email protected] http://coconinonationalforest.us 1824 S. Thompson St. Flagstaff, Arizona, 86001 United States
Province or state shown	Arizona
Sublocation of city shown	V Bar V Heritage Site
IIM version	4

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